What type of chemical compound is magnesium oxide categorized as?

Magnesium oxide is categorized as a basic compound. This classification is based on its properties when dissolved in water. When magnesium oxide dissolves in water, it forms magnesium hydroxide, which is a strong base. Basic compounds are characterized by their ability to react with acids to neutralize them, and magnesium oxide fits this description as it can react with acids such as hydrochloric acid to produce magnesium chloride and water, confirming its basic nature.

In contrast, acidic compounds would typically produce hydrogen ions in solution, while amphoteric compounds can act as either acids or bases depending on the conditions. Neutral compounds, on the other hand, do not exhibit acidic or basic properties and typically do not affect the pH of a solution. Hence, magnesium oxide’s behavior and reaction characteristics firmly place it in the category of basic compounds.