International General Certificate of Secondary Education (IGCSE) Chemistry Practice Exam

In the process of electrolysis, ions migrate towards the electrodes where specific reactions occur. At the anode, which is the positive electrode, negatively charged ions (anions) are attracted and will undergo oxidation, meaning they lose electrons. This gain of electrons by the ions (anions) can be described as a reduction process, which predominantly occurs at the cathode (the negative electrode). However, the statement regarding the behavior of ions at the anode accurately reflects that they gain electrons during this oxidation reaction.

This results in the change of the ionic state as they convert into neutral atoms or molecules. Understanding this fundamental behavior of ions during electrolysis helps clarify how substances can be separated or decomposed through electrical energy.