What is a major characteristic of metals related to their structure?

A major characteristic of metals is their layered structure, which allows for flexibility. This characteristic fundamentally arises from the metallic bonding present in metals. In a metal, atoms are arranged in a closely packed structure, often in a regular pattern. The outer electrons are delocalized and can move freely, which leads to a "sea of electrons" surrounding a lattice of positively charged metal ions.

This layered arrangement enables the layers of atoms to slide over one another when force is applied, making metals malleable and ductile. Malleability allows metals to be shaped into thin sheets, while ductility permits them to be drawn into wires without breaking. This property is essential in many practical applications, such as in construction and manufacturing, where metals are often required to withstand mechanical stress without fracturing.

Other options, such as non-crystalline arrangements or high-energy states, do not accurately describe metals. Metals typically exhibit a crystalline structure rather than a non-crystalline one, which is more characteristic of amorphous solids. Additionally, the arrangement of high-energy states does not distinctly highlight a property of metals related to their structure. Finally, the statement about weak intermolecular forces is more relevant to non-metallic substances and does not characterize the strong metallic bonding found in metals