Acid rain primarily affects which of the following?

Acid rain predominantly affects plant life and lakes due to its chemical composition, which involves higher levels of sulfuric and nitric acids resulting from atmospheric pollutants. When acid rain falls, it can lead to the lowering of the pH in lakes and streams, making the water more acidic. This change can severely impact aquatic ecosystems by harming fish and other aquatic organisms that are sensitive to pH levels.

In addition to aquatic life, acid rain can also damage terrestrial plants. It can leach essential nutrients from the soil, such as calcium and magnesium, which are critical for plant growth. The direct contact of acid rain with leaves can also result in foliar damage, hindering photosynthesis and overall plant health. This dual impact on both lakes and plant ecosystems showcases why the correct choice focuses on these environmental aspects.

While human health, soil temperature, and household materials can be indirectly affected by acid rain, these effects are not as direct or significant as the impact it has on plant life and water bodies.